The Josephson Effect

Superconducting devices are becoming a central component in a variety of new technologies. Selected for their remarkable electronic and magnetic properties, the development of materials that enter the superconducting state at reasonable temperatures has increased their practicality. In this article, we discuss the Josephson effect and investigate its applications to modern-day physics and engineering. SuperconductivityContinue reading “The Josephson Effect”

The Physics of Timekeeping

The desire to measure periods of time dates back thousands of years. The position of the Sun gave early humans the ability to estimate the proportion of the day that had passed, however clocks as we know them today didn’t make their first appearance until the 17th century. Despite their distinctive designs, most clocks areContinue reading “The Physics of Timekeeping”

Semiconductors: Controlling Current Flow

The conductivity of materials is a spectrum; on one end lies conductors, materials that readily allow the flow of electrical current, and at the other lie insulators, which block current flow. Between these extremes lie semiconductors that only conduct under certain conditions, making them perfect for controlling electric current. Pure Silicon (Si) and Germanium (Ge)Continue reading “Semiconductors: Controlling Current Flow”

Superconductivity: Breaking the Resistance

Electronic devices utilise the energy stored in electric currents as they flow through a series of wires, or circuit. Electrons are obstructed due to collisions with vibrating metal ions within the wire, resulting in energy losses and giving rise to the phenomenon of resistance. Wires at higher temperatures contain ions that vibrate more violently andContinue reading “Superconductivity: Breaking the Resistance”